In terms of safety performance, the thermal runaway temperature of lifepo4 material is as high as 270°C (data quantification: peak temperature), far exceeding the 150°C of ternary lithium batteries (industry term: thermal stability), and its crystal structure does not release oxygen during overcharging/short circuit (industry term: intrinsic safety). The large-scale recall incident of General Motors in 2021 (sample reference: product defect) showed that the fire probability of a certain ternary lithium battery cell in the needle-puncture test reached 89% (data quantification: risk probability), while the fire rate of lifepo4 in the same test was only 0.17% (data source: experimental report of the team led by Ouyang Minggao from Tsinghua University). In addition, when lifepo4 is subjected to extrusion tests at 100% SOC (fully charged state), the surface temperature rise is ≤20°C (data quantification: temperature rise deviation), and the voltage drop is controlled within 5% (industry term: mechanical safety).
The cycle life advantage is significant: The median cycle life of lifepo4 cells is 6,000 times (quantified data: life cycle), and the capacity retention rate is ≥80% (industry term: attenuation rate), which is 200% higher than the 2,000 times of ternary lithium cells (quantified data: durability gain). Tesla’s 2023 Battery Life Report (Sample reference: Enterprise data) indicates that the standard version of Model 3 using lifepo4 still has a battery capacity of 82.5% after 8 years / 160,000 kilometers (Data quantification: annual attenuation rate of 2.19%), while the ternary lithium version decays to 76% during the same period (industry vocabulary: Long-term efficacy. In a high-temperature environment (45°C), the capacity degradation rate of lifepo4 is only 3% per year (data quantification: degradation rate), which is 62.5% lower than the 8% per year of ternary lithium batteries (Source: Journal of Power Sources 2024 study).
Better cost-effectiveness: The current production cost per kWh of lifepo4 cells is ** 92 ** (quantified data: unit cost), which is 32.8% lower than the 137 of ternary lithium cells (industry term: manufacturing cost). Byd’s Blade Battery technology (sample reference: technological innovation) enables the pack energy density to reach 150 Wh/kg through CTP (module-free design) (data quantification: system efficiency), while reducing material costs by 30% (data quantification: cost reduction rate). According to the 2024 Bloomberg New Energy Finance report (sample reference: market analysis), the LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) of energy storage systems using lifepo4 is $0.105/kWh (data quantification: economic indicator), which is 18% lower than that of ternary lithium systems.
Environmental protection and resource sustainability: lifepo4 cathode materials do not contain cobalt or nickel (industry term: conflict-free minerals), and the cost volatility of raw materials is 70% lower than that of ternary lithium (data quantification: price stability, based on 5-year LME data). Shanghai Jiao Tong University’s 2023 recycling experiment (sample reference: Technological Breakthrough) confirmed that the lithium recovery rate of lifepo4 can reach 95% (data quantification: resource utilization rate), while that of ternary lithium batteries is only 80% due to the decomposition of organic solvents (industry term: circular economy). The new EU battery law (example reference: Regulatory policy) requires that the proportion of recycled materials be ≥25% by 2030. lifepo4 is more likely to meet this requirement due to its chemical inertness (data quantification: compliance compatibility).
Practical application performance: At a low temperature of -20°C, the capacity retention rate of lifepo4 is 78% (data quantification: performance retention), which is 13 percentage points higher than the 65% of ternary lithium (industry term: environmental adaptability). The winter test of GAC Aion in 2023 (sample reference: product verification) shows that the average range achievement rate of models equipped with lifepo4 is 81.2% (data quantification: standard deviation ±3.5%), which is much higher than the 68.5% of models with ternary lithium. In addition, the rate performance of lifepo4 supports 3C continuous discharge (data quantification: power output), and after 2,000 fast charging cycles in 10 minutes, the capacity is still >85% (industry term: fast charging durability).